MATH 121 - Elementary Differential Equations
Course Description
An introductory course in differential equations (DEs), its solutions and
applications. Topics include linear first-order DE, higher-order DE, Laplace
transforms and its application to initial value problems, and solving systems of
linear 1st-oder DEs.
Course Learning Outcomes
After completion of the course, the student should be able to:
- Identify and classify differential equations
- Solve certain types of first-order and higher-order linear differential equations using appropriate
techniques
- Differentiate various types of DEs that describe physical and/or biological systems.
- pply differential equations in modeling and finding solutions to real world problems.
Course Outline
I. Introduction to Differential Equations
- Review of Some Elementary Differential Equations
- Solutions of Differential Equations (Families of Solutions, and Direction Fields)
- Fundamental Theory: Uniqueness and Existence
- Solving Differential Equations Numerically: Euler's Method
II. First-Order Equations
- Separation of Variables
- Equations with Homogeneous Function Coefficients
- Exact Differential Equations
- The Linear Equation of Order One and its General Solution
- Elementary Applications
- Other Methods in Solving First-Order Equations
III. Linear Differential Equations
- The General Linear Equations
- An Existence and Uniqueness Theorem
- Linear Independence and the Wronskian.
- General Solution of a Homogeneous Equation
- General Solution of a Non-Homogeneous Equation
- Differential Operators and the Fundamental Laws of Operation
- Some Properties of Differential Operators
IV. Linear DE with Constant Coefficients
- Homogeneous DE
- Non-Homogeneous DE
V. Non-Homogeneous DE
- Variation of Parameters
- Applications
VI. The Laplace Transform
- Definition of the Laplace Transform
- Transforms of Elementary Functions
- Sectionally Continuous Functions
- Functions of Exponential Order
- Functions of Class A
- Transforms of Derivatives
- Derivatives of Transforms
- The Gamma Function
- Periodic Functions
VII. Inverse Transforms
- Definition of an Inverse Transform
- Partial Fractions
- Solution of Initial Value Problems
- A Step Function
- A Convolution Theorem
- Special Integral Equation
- Transform Methods and the Vibration of Springs
- The Deflection of Beams
VII. Linear Systems of Equations
- Elementary Elimination Calculus
- First-Order Systems with Constant Coefficient
- Solution of a First-Order System
- Some Matrix Algebra
- First-Order Systems Revisited
- Complex Eigenvalues
- Repeated Eigenvalues
- Non-Homogeneous Systems
- Arms Races
- The Laplace Transform
- Application on Electric Circuits and Simple Networks